If you are really interested in getting a real MPG increase
you would have better success
with low rolling resistance tires
and improving the aerodynamics (by lowering, tonneau, underpan cleanup or vortex generators)
An aftermarket system like the MegaSquirt, FAST, Motec, or Electromotive
that uses a wide band O2 sensor could improve MPG at part-throttle
by allowing leaning the air to fuel ratio above 14.7 at cruise.
A 5% gain is possible around 17 to 1.
Shorty headers might give 2% gains at full throttle (like the factory 6.1 SRT headers)
http://ask.autoblog.com/2006/02/20/a...-7-and-6-1-v8/
Long tube headers would give closer to 4% at full throttle
like Dulcich found before his cam swaps:
http://www.popularhotrodding.com/eng.../0602phr_hemi/
but cat and muffler backpressure behind the long tubes could easily cut this in half.
Almost all street driving is done at part-throttle.
At part-throttle neither shorty or long tube headers will give any measureable MPG increase
but a low backpressure muffler and catalytic converter alone might give something below 1.